Washington Esthetician State Board Practice Exam

Which of the following is a common effect of sun damage on the skin?

1. Increased elasticity

2. Uneven skin tone

3. Decreased sensitivity

4. Enhanced moisture retention

The correct answer is: Uneven skin tone

Uneven skin tone is a common effect of sun damage on the skin. When the skin is exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, it can lead to an increase in melanin production in some areas, resulting in hyperpigmentation or dark spots. This creates a noticeable contrast between damaged areas and normal skin, leading to an overall uneven appearance. In addition, sun damage can cause conditions such as sunspots and freckles, which further contribute to the uneven distribution of color across the skin. Over time, repeated sun exposure can also lead to a condition known as photodamage, where the skin's natural tone becomes more splotchy and discolored, exacerbating the issue of uneven skin tone. In contrast, increased elasticity would typically be associated with healthy skin or the use of certain skincare treatments, while decreased sensitivity could imply stronger, healthier skin rather than the damage caused by UV exposure. Enhanced moisture retention is generally a characteristic of well-hydrated and well-cared-for skin, rather than a result of sun damage, which often leads to dryness and loss of moisture.